Langsung ke konten utama

Tenses: PAST PERFECT TENSE

PAST PERFECT TENSE

 FUNCTIONS OF THE PAST PERFECT
The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one happened first.

In these examples, Event A is the event that happened first and Event B is the second or more recent event:
Event A                                                      Event B
John had gone out                                       when I arrived in the office.
Event A                                                      Event B
I had saved my document                           before the computer crashed.
Event B                                                      Event A
When they arrived                                      we had already started cooking.
Event B                                                      Event A
He was very tired                                        because he hadn't slept well.

FORMING THE PAST PERFECT
The Past Perfect tense in English is composed of two parts: the past tense of the verb to have (had) + the past participle of the main verb.

Subject                                            had                                 past participle
Affirmative
She                                                   had                                 given

Negative
She                                                   hadn't                             asked.

Interrogative
Had                                                  they                                arrived?

Interrogative Negative
Hadn't                                              you                                 finished?

TO DECIDE, PAST PERFECT
Affirmative                           Negative                                Interrogative
I had decided                        I hadn't decided                     Had I decided?
You had decided                   You hadn't decided               Had you decided?
She had decided                   She hadn't decided                Had she decided?
We had decided                    We hadn't decided                 Had we decided?
They had decided                 They hadn't decided              Had they decided?

PAST PERFECT + JUST
'Just' is used with the past perfect to refer to an event that was only a short time earlier than before now, e.g.

The train had just left when I arrived at the station.
She had just left the room when the police arrived.
I had just put the washing out when it started to rain.

Komentar

Posting Komentar

Postingan populer dari blog ini

CONTOH MEKANISME LOMBA STORY TELLING

Berikut adalah contoh mekanisme melaksanakan lomba story telling. Isinya dapat disesuaikan sesuai kebutuhan kompetisi yang kalian adakan!!! Registrasi dan Syarat Pendaftaran: 1. Pendaftaran dimulai pada tanggal .... 2. Peserta lomba adalah siswa .... 3. Kontribusi setiap peserta lomba sebesar Rp..... 4. Setiap sekolah mengirimkan perwakilannya maksimal ..... dengan naskah yang berbeda. 5. Peserta wajib memberikan naskah story telling dalam bentuk print out sebanyak ..... rangkap naskah asli saat pendaftaran ulang. 6. Peserta wajib melakukan pendaftaran ulang terlebih dahulu dan wajib mengikuti upacara pembukaan. 7. Diperkenankan melakukan daftar ulang secepatnya sebelum pendaftaran ulang ditutup, pendaftaran ulang ditutup saat upacara pembukaan dimulai. Apabila daftar ulang telah ditutup dan masih ada peserta yang belum melakukan daftar ulang maka peserta tersebut tidak diperkenankan mengikuti lomba dan didiskualifikasi. 8. Pengocokan nomor peserta akan dibagikan s...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya

Language of Advertisement

ADVERTISEMENT Say the word advertising to someone and the immediate images will spring to mind: billboards, television ads, buses with banners, flyers. Advertising is ubiquitous in modern society, and while many people have some understanding of the power it wields over our everyday choices, few realize the subtle nuances of advertising that cause it to be so effective. Imperatives When it comes to advertising, you’ll find a huge tendency to use imperatives and adjectives. Imperatives leave people little room for argument - ‘buy our new product now’. The use of the imperative ‘now’ commands you in a subconscious way; it leaves a deeper imprint than the phrase ‘buy our new product’. Nike’s ‘Just Do It’ may be one of the most famous imperative slogans in advertising. The tagline gives you no room for argument, no room to back out or make a choice. It directs you in such a way that is bold and without remorse. The short, snappy nature of the tagline with the iconic tick has made it...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya

Metode & Teknik Pengumpulan Data Dalam Penelitian Bahasa

A. Metode Simak Metode simak adalah metode pengumpulan data yang dilakukan melalui proses penyimakan atau pengamatan terhadap penggunaan bahasa yang diteliti. Metode ini hampir sama dengan metode pengamatan atau metode observasi dalam ilmu-ilmu sosial. Istilah simak di sini bukan hanya berkaitan dengan penggunaan bahasa lisan seperti pidato dan percakapan antar penutur suatu bahasa, tetapi juga termasuk untuk bahasa tulis, yaitu mengamati, membaca, dan memahami bahasa tulis yang ada dalam suatu teks tertulis seperti naskah cerita, berita surat kabar, dan naskah tertulis lainnya. Metode simak dapat diwujudkan dalam bentuk teknik pengumpulan data yang diberi nama sesuai dengan alat yang digunakannya seperti menyadap, melakukan percakapan, merekam, atau mencatat. Dari segi tahapan penggunaannya, teknik-teknik dalam metode simak ini dapat dibedakan menjadi dua jenis teknik, yaitu teknik dasar dan teknik lanjutan. Teknik dasar adalah teknik yang harus digunakan oleh seorang pengumpul data t...
Posting Komentar
Baca selengkapnya